Octavian Augustus Glossary Entry

Octavian Augustus Glossary Entry Octavian, referred to successors as the Emperor Augustus Caesar, was the principal sovereign of Rome, the first of the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, the embraced child of his extraordinary uncle Julius Caesar, and conceivably the most significant man in Roman history. Octavian or Augustus lived from 63 B.C.- A.D. 14. Timetable of Octavian Augustus The date at which he started his standard could be either 31 B.C. at the point when the powers of Augustus under Agrippa vanquished those of Mark Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium, or in 27 B.C. at the point when Octavian became Augustus, a term of respect granted him by the Senate. Octavian Augustus Achievements Octavian Augustus transformed the Praetorian Guard and laws on marriage and infidelity, he had the intensity of a tribune and was Pontifex Maximus (head minister). He expanded the limits of the Roman Empire, caused the Pax Romana, and developed the city of Rome. Mishaps of Augustus Reign Through the long periods of his rule, Octavian Augustus shut down the as of now truly rotting republican arrangement of government. It was under his standard that Varus endured a shocking annihilation in Teutoberg Wald, putting a brief end to regional desire past the Rhine. His own little girl and excellent girl resisted Octavians grandiose good position. Albeit the two accomplices were certifiably equipped for delivering kids, Augustus neglected to create a beneficiary with Livia, his significant other during his long haul as head. At last, Octavian Augustus had minimal decision however to make his resenting child in-law, Livias child Tiberius, his replacement despite the fact that Tiberius wasnt a lot exactly as he would prefer.

Russias Economic Transition :: Russian History Historical Communism Essays

Russia' Economic Transition In August of 1991, the breakdown of the socialist framework in the USSR and it's neighboring republics happened. Out of the smoke developed fifteen new republics and an association known as the Commonwealth of Independent States. These new systems confronted imposing deterrents. The breakdown brought gigantic swelling which thus constrained the economy into a spiraling decrease and a condition of nearly useless worth. Numerous individuals rushed to blame their socialist past, and considerably increasingly anxious to lay fault. Conventional socialist belief system was to accommodate each individual an equivalent measure of merchandise and ventures, in this way making a condition of equity among the crowded (Leveler, 16). Numerous individuals felt as though their present hardships could be accused on the socialists and their financial strategies, explicitly their Center Periphery plan. The socialist supported Center Periphery financial strategy that was obvious in Russia was very shortsighted in nature. The hypothesis, generally utilized to portray between mainland exchanging and creation, was adjusted for use in the Russian financial zones. The hypothesis was as per the following; Areas which encompass the capital (center district), normally wealthy in some material, would be utilized for the extraction of crude materials. These materials would then be sent back to the capital so as to be produced into products. From that point, the made items would be transported back to the encompassing locales (fringe area) for resale. The residents of Russia were getting by on this framework, yet scarcely. The Core-Periphery strategy was not proficient, nor powerful, for generally an item required on one side of the league, was delivered at the opposite end. Factors, for example, transportation costs and sufficient utilization of human assets was wasteful and cost-devouring. Solid impacts from the world asked Russia to make the change into the market-arranged economy. This appeared to be enticing, for the market-arranged economy lectured singular riches and flourishing. Seeing no better answer for their current monetary troubles, Russian arrangement creators dove in. Â Â Â Â Â By 1995, 4 years since the start of the progress into a market- situated economy, no palatable monetary improvment had taken structure. Profitability in numerous states, for example, Turkmenistan and Belarus kept on falling (Table 2), and expansion was still at significant levels. Numerous new Russian business people in the areas decided to misuse what had just been abused previously; crude materials. Hoping to make a quick pay, these new Russian business people sold whatever they could get their hands on, for all intents and purposes no expense by any means (Co- Presence, 146). Seizure of state property, obscure arrangements, and defilement were uncontrolled. Profitability in enterprises, for example, horticulture declined as ranchers would not like to deal with their property (Co-Existence, 146).

There free essay sample

# 8217 ; s A Monster Under My Bed Essay, Research Paper Shannon Souray English 389 Dr. Richards June 1, 2001 The use of Illustration and Characterization in There # 8217 ; s A Monster Under My Bed. Childs are attracted to picture books that permit them to encounter a straightforward feeling, for example, dismay or felicity. Of class all children are unique and the kinds of books they will loll relies to a great extent upon their age and their period of subjective turn of events, yet regular to all children is the interest for both visual and audile incitement. In There # 8217 ; s A Monster Under My Bed, James Howe and David Rose consolidate creative and visual components with the word image of characters to make an enthralling yet straightforward story for youthful perusers. The use of shading material and clear lingual authority by the essayist make this picture book energizing for the child peruser. The principal picture of the account is drawn with back to back lines that promise the child that everything is in its topographic point to propel the sentiment of security ; children would assume that everything is the way it ought to be from the outset glimpse. We will compose a custom exposition test on There or then again any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The use of igniter colorss here appear differently in relation to the staying pages of the story consequently giving the child the feeling of approaching moment of retribution as the account proceeds. The solitary shadows utilized on the main page are around Simon # 8217 ; s bed leting the child to imagine what lies at that place. Howe utilizes straightforward sentences here to pressure the idea of dread. The way that he utilizes single word sentences, for example, # 8220 ; Listen. # 8221 ; ( 1 ) , enables the child to comprehend the quality of trepidation the character is encountering. The male youngster in the account is lying in the focal point of his bed on the primary page and his face is covered with alarm. A child # 8217 ; s eyes would be attracted to the male youngster quickly in light of the fact that he is have oning a splendid xanthous shirt that appears differently in relation to the environing room. As the story proceeds onward, the legs on the bed begin to flex to suit the persistently turning total of beasts under his bed. Rose usages darker hues around the bed and toward the edges of the dividers to frame the segment of anxiety on the child peruser. The way that the words do non meddle with the outline permits the child to the full loll the pictures giving them originative boundless to build up their ain sentiments towards the account. The expression on the young men face is particularly of import since a significant number of the children who appreciate this story are non truly perusing it themselves. The way that Simon is drawn from various edges ( face forepart, side position, and so forth ) gives the child peruser a progressively reasonable situation of the male kid by giving us the idea that he has various sides to him. This configuration loans to the general sentiment of dread by demoing him from various edges and at various good ways from the peruser ; we can assume he is truly startled on the grounds that he is grasping the screens and he does non travel extremely a lot. The beasts are attracted diverse colorss and none are genuinely startling or net excursion. This thing gives the account the essential part of trepidation from crunching beasts, yet at a similar clasp the child is non truly terrified of them. Rise gives the beasts a charming, cuddly surface instead of the conventional viridity, flaky generalization, which may great startle the child out of kiping! The flood tide comes in the focal point of the book when the account words are put beneath the picture of the male youngster and the beasts under his bed. This page is of import in light of the fact that the way it is arrangement Tells us this is the flood tide ; here it is of import for the peruser to focus on the picture and the account independently on the grounds that every segment inspires an alternate feeling. From here the account will get down to change its point of convergence from consider ofing beasts under the bed to occurring out what is really disguising at that place. The accompanying page is a nearby of Simon ( the male kid ) understanding that his # 8220 ; mother # 8221 ; ( 20 ) left him a light # 8220 ; Just in example # 8221 ; ( 20 ) . He hops up and looks at what is under his bed. Notably, it is his little sibling ; there was nil to fear all things considered! Kids perusers would partner to this regardless of whether they do non hold a kin that would be roosted un der their bed on the grounds that even as an individual child they would hold associations with different children either through family or their locale. This is an enormous suspiration of mitigation after all the strained quality and alarm that was developed to this point. The colorss utilized presently are more brilliant ; Simon # 8217 ; s night robe are xanthous and Alex # 8217 ; s are bronzed, and the quilt is increasingly prevailing now with its stronger pink and somewhat blue chevrons. The discussion Howe brings into these staying pages is straightforward, for outline, the discussion between the two siblings, Alex and Simon. Kids will comprehend the straightforward expressions utilized on the grounds that that is the way they talk right now at their period of improvement, basic and directly to the point. In any picture book the association between word picture and delineation is extremely of import on the grounds that the essayist # 8217 ; s boss crowd is kids, who, in twist, learn non only by what they hear, yet next to by what they see. Visual and audile incitement become life partners at this age and will proceed to be utilized to learn children of any age various exercises. Work Cited Howe, James, and David Rose, illus. There # 8217 ; s A Monster Under My Bed. New York: Collier Macmillan Canada, Inc. , 1986.

Magical Practices in the Works of Homer - Literature Essay Samples

Homeric Epic has become a staple of the modern evaluation of the ancient Greco-Roman world. It is among the great literary works of history, having withstood the tests of time and remaining so widely popular. Whether we believe Homer was an individual, a group, or an evolution of oral tradition, it cannot be argued that any assessment of ancient Greek culture that does not include Homers works is incomplete. They reflect not only the culture of the time period, but also the specific viewpoints of those who lived during that time. In terms of magical practices, in the works of Homer it seems that magic is used as a device to portray the belief that Gods control the mortal world in terms of physical attributes as well as power, yet when it comes to nonphysical aspects of the world, the Gods leave control in the hands of those who dwell in it. Magic is used as a means of depicting what mortals can control when it comes to the physical world, war, strength, and power, the Gods deci de what outcomes will occur and how they come to be humans do not practice magic pertaining to such areas. But when magic is practiced, it relates to nonphysical areas of the mortal world, showing that mortals have control of this part of the world they live in. By illustrating this idea, magic is an invaluable element in Homers works, as it makes the duality of these spheres of control apparent.However, before one can evaluate magical practices in a literary work, history, or any other paradigm, it is essential to establish some criteria to differentiate magical practices from similar actions or ideas. For the purposes of analyzing magical practices in the works of Homer, the criteria presented by Sir James Frazer in his essentialist approach (also known as the etic perspective) seem to be well suited to distinguishing magic from things such as religion or science. Frazer purports other ideas in the essentialist approach, such as taking an outsiders perspective of cultural pra ctices, as well as the relation between magic, religion and science. For the purposes of this analysis, those ideas will be set aside, and only Frazers ideas regarding what indicates magic will be used. Frazer claims that magic is coercive in nature, meaning that the practitioner controls the forces involved in magic. He also claims that magical forces are impersonal that there are no personal characteristics or attributes associated with the forces controlled in magic. Compare this to religion, for example, which is supplicative (the practitioner asks for the forces involved to perform something, rather than forcing or controlling them to do it) and personal (the forces have names and personal characteristics, rather than being anonymous).Specifically in the Iliad and the Odyssey, there are cases that show the difference between magic and religion or other ideas. For example, Chryses prays to Apollo after his daughter is taken by the Achaeans, and Apollo responds by unleashin g a plague upon the Achaeans armies (Iliad, book 1). This is not magic, since the practitioner (Chryses) is acting supplicatively by praying to Apollo, who may not answer, as opposed to acting coercively. He also is summoning a personal force (Apollo) rather than an impersonal one. Another example is Machaon, one of the healers (along with his brother Podalirius) who uses scientific methods to heal wounds, such as surgery or poison removal (Iliad, book 11). The difference between science and magic, according to Frazer, is that science is correct, while magic is not. Yet another instance of non-magical practices is disguise, used repeatedly by Odysseus in the Odyssey. Toward the end of the story he infiltrates his own palace disguised as a beggar (Odyssey, book 17). Though disguise is an impersonal force, the practitioner is not wielding a force coercively; he is simply using his own faculties to disguise himself.Having established the difference between magic and other forces, we can search the Iliad for examples of human magical practice. The only two characters that can even be considered something close to magical practitioners are Machaon and Calchas. Machaon, as has already been explained, does not practice magic so much as use scientific methods to heal the wounded. Calchas is a prophet of the Achaeans who is proficient in reading bird signs (auspicy) and revealing the will of the Gods (Iliad, book 1). However, auspicy is a form of divination, which at best is arguably a form of magic. It focuses on time, communication, reflection, and intervention basically terms that reveal that it is focused on time and the gods, meaning that it puts little power in the hands of the practitioner or humans at all. Additionally, auspicy in specific is meant to reveal the will of the Gods. As such, it furthers the idea presented in the Iliad that Gods are in control of the physical world, since the humans are limited to simply trying to divine their will in the outcome of the war. In that sense, there is an utter lack of human magical practice in the Iliad, and those characters closely resembling magical practitioners are simply tools furthering the idea that Gods control physical aspects of the mortal world.The fact that there is a lack of magical practice in the Iliad indicates that whatever the focal point of the story may be, it involves the Gods control over that given area. It is simple to see that this focal point is strength and power. The Iliad is a story centered on the importance of raw strength and power. The opening lines of the story invoke the muses to sing of Achilles rage, thereby making the spotlight of the story one mans wrath and showing that the story centers on physical power (Iliad, book 1). If that does not make it obvious enough that the story centers on physical strength, the fact that the story is about a war should make it apparent that physical power is important in this work. After all, the story is named the Iliad, indicating that it is the story of the war of Ilium, or Troy. Additionally, lengthy descriptions of combat and death are pervasive throughout the poem. Yet another telltale sign of the focus on strength is that the epic piece in this poem is Achilles shield, representative of close combat (Iliad, book 18). Close combat is, of course, a symbol of strength and raw, physical power. The final sign that the Iliad is a story based around strength is that the victor in the end is Achilles, the strongest of all the warriors. All of these examples prove beyond a shadow of a doubt that the Iliad is focused on the importance of strength.Keeping in mind that strength is the underlying motif of the Iliad, we can assume that Homer intends to show that there is little human control over physical aspects of the world (mainly strength and power, and additionally life and death). This is strongly supported by the severe lack of magic practiced by humans in the Iliad, especiall y when contrasted with the Odyssey. Not only is there no magic practiced by humans, all of the power exhibited over life, death, war, and strength seems to be that of the Gods. They (mainly Zeus, Hera, and Athena) are constantly shifting the tides of battle, such as Poseidons empowerment of the Achaeans (Iliad, book 13), and Hera distracting Zeus to turn the tides of battle in favor of the Achaeans (Iliad, book 14). Another example is Apollos plague being unleashed on the Achaeans (Iliad, book 1) or his role in the death of Patroclus (Iliad, book 16). Additionally, it should be noted that the strongest mortals, and indeed the strongest one of all, Achilles, are all somehow descendants of the Gods.All of these point out not only that strength is the focus of the Iliad, but that the Gods are the force that controls that strength. The lack of human influence in this sphere is marked by the lack of magical practice done pertaining to these physical areas, and the immense activity t he Gods engage in relating to physical aspects of the world they change the tides of battle, affect life and death, and decide the fates of the warriors (e.g. Achilles fate to die by Paris arrow to his heel, Hectors fate to die by Achilles sword, etc). Perhaps the example most directly exemplifying this message is that Homer writes of how Apollo and Poseidon will destroy the walls erected by the Achaeans in the years following the war (Iliad, book 12). This shows exactly the point that the Gods are in control of the physical aspects of the mortal world creation, destruction, life, death, strength, and power.The Odyssey, on the other hand, is a story focusing on an opposing quality that of cunning. It is filled with disguise, trickery, and clever plans, rather than the combat and feats of strength that are omnipresent in the Iliad. The poem is rife with characters in disguise, such as Athena appearing to Telemachus as Mentes (Odyssey, book 1) or Odysseus dressing as a beggar t o avoid recognition (Odyssey, book 17). Cunning often prevails over strength, such as Odysseus clever tricks defeating the Cyclops Polyphemus superior strength (Odyssey, book 9). Additionally, the epic piece in this poem is Odysseus bow, representative of ranged combat (Odyssey, book 21). Close combat, at the time, represented more cowardly forms of combat, which of course can be related to cunning and trickery. And just as the strongest man is the victor in the Iliad, the Odysseys victor is Odysseus, the most cunning man in the story. All of these signs signify that cunning and more cerebral issues are the focus of the Odyssey.We can connect the focus on cunning in the Odyssey to the constant appearance of human and mortal magic. In contrast to the Iliad and its lack of magic in relation to the physical dominion, the Odyssey is full of magic, directly in relation to the mental, nonphysical dominion. For example, the Sirens song lures sailors to their death by tempting them t o approach the rock on which the deadly temptresses live (Odyssey, book 12). This is a perfect example of magic being performed by those within the mortal world, and it is magic that affects the mind, instilling great temptation in the men. Another example is in the land of the lotus-eaters, where the men fall asleep against their will by eating the lotus flowers (Odyssey, book 9), yet another example of magic that indeed affects the mind. Odysseus and his crew travel to the land of the dead by performing certain magical rites (Odyssey, book 11), once again using magic for nonphysical means, in this case to figure out how to make their journey lead them home. One of the most famous female practitioners of magic, Circe, is found in the Odyssey, and she uses magic to transform men into animals, and Odysseus himself uses a substance, moly, to avoid transformation (Odyssey, book 10). This type of magic, though it seems physical in nature, affects the being of these men, and in that sense is a mental force. However, not all of the magic is found in the distant, exotic lands of Odysseus voyage. On Telemachus initial journey in the poem, he is in Menelaus court discussing his father and Helen gives the characters a magical drug to wash away their sadness, named nepenthe (Odyssey, book 4). This is yet another case of magic affecting the mind in the Odyssey.All of these examples point out two things first, that the Odyssey is focused on cunning and the mind, and second, that the magical practice found throughout the poem are all related to this same area. It is undeniable that these two are linked, especially since the few situations in which strength prevails in the Odyssey are somehow connected back to the gods. For example, when the souls of the suitors go to the underworld after Odysseus defeats them, the ghosts of Odysseus heroic comrades all make reference to how the Gods have fated Odysseus victory (Odyssey, book 24). Additionally, when Odysseus figh ts the suitors kin, it is said in the poem that the Gods have fated Odysseus victory (Odyssey, book 24). Anytime that strength prevails, it is referred to somehow as part of the Gods plan, and even Poseidons superior strength prevailing in sending Odysseus all over the seas can be thought of in this same sense.Therefore it can be said that the Odyssey contains a great deal of magic practice, which contributes to its focus on the importance of cunning and the mind. As such, it shows that humans and the mortal world itself are in control of issues of the mind. This is in direct contrast with the Iliad, which focuses a great deal on strength and physical aspects of the world; as a result its utter lack of magical practices represents the idea that humans do not have control of the physical world and that it is under the powers of the Gods. The rift between the Iliad and Odyssey shows the belief that the physical world is the dominion of the Gods and that the mental world is under t he control of mortals. Magical practices are key in distinguishing this important message in the works of Homer, since their presence helps indicate what was believed to be under the control of mortals themselves. Through analysis of magic, we are able to recognize that this was a belief of that time period, and that it is a clear theme in Homeric Epic.

How to Format PHP Text

So youve gone through the PHP  tutorials  or are new to PHP in general, and you can make some nifty things in PHP, but they all look like plain text. How do you jazz them up? Formatting PHP text isnt done with PHP; its done with HTML. You can do this in two ways. You can add HTML inside the PHP code or you can add the PHP code inside the HTML. Either way, the file must be saved as a .php or another file type that is allowed to execute PHP on your server. Changing PHP Text Color Using HTML Inside PHP For example, to change the PHP text color to red. Hello World!; ? In this case, the hex color number #ff0000 sets the PHP text that follows it to red. The number could be replaced by other  hex color numbers for other colors. Notice the HTML code is located inside the echo.   Changing PHP Text Color Using  PHP Inside HTML The same effect is achieved with the following code, which uses PHP inside HTML. In the second example, a single line of PHP is inserted inside the HTML. Although here it is only a line to make the text red in this example, it could be inside a fully formatted HTML page to get any look you want. Types of Formatting Available in HTML It is easy to make text formatting changes to PHP text inside HTML. Although many of these formatting commands have been suspended in Cascading Style Sheets, they all still work in HTML. Some of the text formatting commands that can be used include: Bold - Italic -      Underline -  Strike-out -   or  Small -  Font size -   , replace the ? with a number from 1 to 7, 1 being the smallestCenter text -   A complete list of text formatting tags is available.

Essay on William Blake as a Critic of His Time - 838 Words

William Blake as a Critic of His Time Blake took an active role in exposing the corruption taking place in his society. Prime targets of his criticisms were the institutions that remained silent in the faces of injustice. Blake stands agains the institutions that allow human oppression. Three of his poems from Songs of Experience present his views on the matter: The Chimney Sweeper, The Garden of Love, and London. In The Chimney Sweeper, Blake takes his stand against the the calamities brought upon children by those supposed to protect him. Innocence comes to an end for the child when he is exposed to the horrors of sweeping chimneys . His sadness can be felt when he says : They clothed me in the clothes of†¦show more content†¦Man wants to be close to God : I went to the Garden of Love (Blake, 1) as he used to be when little: Where I used to play in the green (Blake, 4) but, finds the church standing in his way: A Chapel was built in the midst (Blake, 3). Blake sees the church as an obstacle between men and God: And the gates of this Chapel were shut/ And Thou shalt not writ over the door (Blake, 5-6). Blake gives emphasis to the word Thou shalt not to indicate once more how oppressive the church is. He attacks the Priests because, instead of offering Gods comfort as they were meant to do, they become like judges or police officers telling men what they can or cannot do:: And Priests in black gowns were walking their rounds/ And binding with briars my joys and desires (Blake, 11- 12). Blake asks society to take a second look at the way the church treats them and to realize that God cannot found among oppressionists. London is yet another one of Blakes poems used to expose the suffering of men. He speaks of the streets and the river as being bound to give a sense of mens predicament: I wander thro each charterd street/Near where the charterd Thames does flow (Blake, 1-2) . More sense of human slavery is given when he reveals that the minds of men are trapped as they wander suffering through the streets by society-imposed chains:...mind-forgd manacles I hear (Blake, 8). The pain isShow MoreRelatedWilliam Blake Had A Strict Standard On How His Poems Should1431 Words   |  6 Pages William Blake had a strict standard on how his poems should appear. In his poems, he was not very concerned with grammar or spelling, even though he was writing in a time much after the official English language had been created. Much of his spellings are very old-fashioned to us and at times can sound very awkward. Even his readers in his time found that the wording and spelling of phrases and words was quaint. William Blake also used forms of punctuation that were not considered to be standardRead More William Blakes London Essay example995 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blakes London Works Cited Not Included William Blakes London is a representative of English society as a whole, and the human condition in general that outlines the socio-economic problems of the time and the major communal evils. It condemns authoritative institutions including the military, royalty, new industries, and the Church. Blakes tone creates a feeling of informative bitterness, and is both angry and despondent at the suffering and increasing corruption of LondonsRead MoreWilliam Blakes London1458 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿Blake and London Victorian London was a far from happy place. It was full of crime, the air full of filth, and the people rancorous. One of the premier poets of the period was one William Blake who advocated the beauties of life and railed against the distaste he felt for Victorian London and some of the more rigid ideologies of the time, specifically the strict morality and religious views of the English. In the poem London, Blake makes clear his position on the city and the morals of thatRead MoreWilliam Blake in Contrast of Songs of Innocence and of Experience1452 Words   |  6 PagesEN 222-Intro to British Lit. II April 21, 2012 William Blake in contrast of Songs of Innocence and of Experience William Blake, an engraver, exemplified his passion for children through his many poems. Blake lived in London most of his life and many fellow literati viewed him as eccentric. He claimed to have interactions with angels and prophets, which had a great influence on his outlook of life. Blake believed all prominent entities, those being church, state, and government had become sick withRead MoreThe Chimney Sweeper By William Blake1306 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Blake published â€Å"The Chimney Sweeper† in 1789 in the first phase of his collection of poems entitled â€Å"Songs of Innocence†. A later poem under the same name was published five years later in his follow up collection, â€Å"Songs of Experience†. The chimney sweeper’s tale begins in Songs of Innocence with the introduction of a young boy who was sold by his father after the death of his mother; the poem then shifts in the next stanza to describe the speaker’s friend Tom Dacre, ano ther chimney sweeperRead More The Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Essay1049 Words   |  5 PagesThe Complexity of William Blakes Poetry Northrop Frye, in his critical essay, Poetry and Design, states; In a world as specialized as ours, concentration on one gift and a rigorous subordination of all others is practically a moral principle (Frye 137). William Blakes refusal to follow this moral principle by putting his poetry before his art, or vice versa, makes his work extraordinary as well as complex and ambiguous. Although critics attempt to juggle Blakes equally impressive talentsRead MoreWilliam Blake Man of the Industrial Revolution1680 Words   |  5 PagesChildren were among the most abused work force in that country s history. William Blake saw this increase of social injustice and was overwhelmed, so he began to write about this hypocrisy of social values that he felt was being carefully hidden from the mainstream. While most considered this unavoidable, child labor was a topic that they did not discuss openly in social groups. Blake wanted to change all of that. As a social critic, he wrote many poems condem ning the hypocrisy between these two worldsRead MoreWilliam Blake s `` The Angel `` And `` A Little Girl Lost ``1306 Words   |  6 Pagespaper is to introduce William Blake and give a brief background information about his life. In addition, this research paper will also provide: An analysis of two different poems wrote by William Blake, the message of both poems, how his life might have influenced his poems, and which other factors influenced him to write these poems. â€Å"The Angel†, â€Å"Love’s Secret† and â€Å"A Little Girl Lost† are some of the famous poems wrote by William Blake. For a long time, people ignored his art works and believedRead MoreSocial Criticism in William Blakes Songs of Innocence and Experience906 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Blake was a social critic of his time, yet his criticism also reflects society of our own time as well. He mainly communicates humanitarian concerns through his Songs of Innocence and Experience; which express two opposite states of the human soul, happiness or misery, heaven or hell. Innocence; expresses the state of childhood, into which we are all born, a state of free imagination and infinite joy. Experience;, according to Blake, is mans state when disaster has destroyed the initialRead MoreWilliam Blake As An Apprentice Essay1543 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Blake born in London on the 28th of November in 1757 to a hosier names James and Catherine Blake with six si blings and 2 died in early age. Blake spoke of having visions in his early childhood. He saw god putting his head to the window when he was at the age of four and around the age of nine, he saw a tree filled with angels while walking through the countryside. His parents notice that he was different from his other siblings and they did not force him to attend conservative school. Blake

Dynamic Range

Question: Discuss about the Dynamic Range. Answer: Dynamic range is a way of describing a range of light intensities from darkest shadows to brightest highlighted parts. (Diaz 2014). Dynamic range gives the ratio between maximum and minimum light that can be measured; white and black respectively. It is determined by EV-Exposure Value. In photography, some scenes may have a wide dynamic range (ratio between maximum and maximum light) while other have narrow have narrower exposure value. (McCollough 2008, p.152). Changes in the size of dynamic range can cause an image taken to be either very gray or very black and white. This is because dynamic range operates more on weaker noise and acts less on the strong echoes. (McCollough 2008, p.160). This is attributed to the fact that weak echoes give reflectors that are small and reveal texture and noise that has no diagnostic value. The wider the dynamic range of the imaging machine, the more information it will capture. On the other hand, the narrower the dynamic range the lesser information captured by the imaging machine used. However, the contrast of the two images taken will differ. (Marcus 2015).The more the information captured by a camera, the lesser the contrast between the features of the image. (Marcus 2015).That means that the wider the dynamic range the lesser the contrast of the image while the narrower the image the sharper the contrast of the image features captured. (Upstate Medical University 2014). Wider dynamic Range (Upstate Medical University 2014). Narrower dynamic Range (Upstate Medical University 2014). Reference Diaz, R 2014, An introduction to High Dynamic Range HDR and its Support within H.265/HEVC Standard Extension, viewed 6th April 2017, https://www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1cad=rjauact=8ved=0ahUKEwiA4sSVzZTTAhUcR48KHc1PCdoQFggbMAAurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.slideshare.net%2Fxinhxinhqua_678%2Fhigh-dynamic-range-an-introductionusg=AFQjCNG2SrjXci6brlWCAYqAFHifSvpMcAsig2=BMg6EF_gZYgokslg-l-djwbvm=bv.152174688,d.c2I Marcus. H 2015, Dynamic Range in Photography: How to capture all the tones in a Scene, Techradar, viewed 6th April 2017, https://www.techradar.com/how-to/photography-video-capture/cameras/dynamic-range-in-photography-how-to-capture-all-the-tones-in-a-scene-1320985 McCollough, F 2008. Complete Guide to High Dynamic Range Digital Photography, Pixiq, New York. Upstate Medical University 2014, Effects of Changing X-ray Tube Voltage, viewed 7th April 2017, https://www.upstate.edu/radiology/education/rsna/radiography/kvp.php

Special Military Force Shayetet Essay Sample free essay sample

SHAYETET 13 is the elect naval ranger unit of the Israeli Navy. The unit is considered one of the primary Particular Forces units of the Israel Defense Forces. S’13 specializes in sea-to-land incursions. counter-terrorism. sabotage. nautical intelligence assemblage. nautical surety deliverance. and get oning. The unit has taken portion in about all of Israel’s major wars. every bit good as other actions. The unit is one of the most close in the Israeli military. Shayetet 13 is a seasoned Israeli particular forces unit. It was formed in 1948 by Yohai Ben-Nun with work forces drawn from the ranks of the Palyam. the naval subdivision of the Haganah. The being of S’13 was merely made populace in 1960. Shayetet 13 is divided into three specialised company-sized units: * Foraies: Particular Reconnaissance and Direct Action missions on land. Maritime Counter-Terrorism and Hostage Rescues. * Underwater: Underwater Attacks and Sabotage. Hydrographic ( Beach ) Reconnaissan ce. and Beachhead Reconnaissance and Security. * Above H2O: Surface Attacks. We will write a custom essay sample on Special Military Force Shayetet Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sea Transportation of units to and from mark countries. TrainingThe preparation of Shayetet 13 recruits lasts 20 months. and is considered one of the toughest classs in the IDF. The preparation phases consist of: * Selection procedure: A choice cantonment to enroll for the unit is held twice a twelvemonth. Cadets are put through physically and mentally ambitious trials. This stage stresses psychological stamina. and tests recruits in their ability to take and run under emphasis and fright. * Six months of basic and advanced foot preparation with the Nahal Brigade. * Preparation stage: this stage lasts for three months and consists of advanced foot and arms developing. parachute preparation. basic elements of maritime warfare. operation of little vass. long swims. forced Marches. and destructions. * Four hebdomads of advanced preparation in combat diving. During this class. plebes learn the rudimentss of combat diving. and how to get by with state of affairss such as cold. darkness. clouded H2O. and how to last bad submerged state of affairss. * Dedicated stage: This stage of preparation stopping points about a twelvemonth and includes preparation in advanced diving techniques with close-circuit systems. submerged destruction. sea-to-land incursions via plunging. ships. pigboats. and jumping into the sea. During their preparation. plebes train extensively in Krav Maga. a hand-to-hand combat system which is Israel’s national soldierly art. Weapons USED * AK-47* M4 carbine* M203 grenade launcher* Negev machine gun* Tavor assault rifle* Glock handguns* Limpet mines* Zodiac RHIB boats* Morena RHIB boats* Snunit fast onslaught trade OPERATIONS PERFORMEDThe major operations performed by SHAYETET 13 are:* 1982 Lebanon War* Operation Moses* Second Intifada* 2006 Lebanon War* Syria 2008* Operation Cast Lead* Francop Affair* Victoria Affair

Queen Elizabeth Grammar School Essays

Queen Elizabeth Grammar School Essays Queen Elizabeth Grammar School Essay Queen Elizabeth Grammar School Essay The Towers of Hanoi is an ancient mathematical game. The aim of this coursework is to try to identify patterns and rules associated with the game and explain them in mathematical terms. The definitions and rules are: Rules: * There are only three positions a disc can be placed. Poles A, B or C. * A disc can only go on top of a larger one. (I.e. Disc A can only go on top of Discs B and C, but Disc B cannot go on top of disc A) * The object of the game is to get all the discs to move from pole A to pole B of C in the least number of moves. * Only one disc may be moved at a time. Finding Formula A Number Of Discs Least Number Of Moves Previous term (Doubled) 1 1 2 3 2 3 7 6 4 15 14 5 31 30 6 63 62 7 127 126 8 255 254 From looking at the table it is quite clear that there is a pattern linking the number of discs and the least number of moves. It is clear that there is an element of doubling involved, as the least number of moves nearly doubles each time. When I add the extra column see above, it is clear that there is a doubling element involved. When I look again, I can see that the pattern is the previous term doubled plus 1. This can be expressed mathematically as: Un = 2(Un-1) +1 This can be shown in: 1. For 1 disc, it takes 1 move to move disc A from pole 1 to pole 3; 2. For 2 discs, it takes 3 moves: 2(Un-1) +1 = 2(1) + 1 = 3 3. For 3 discs, it takes 7 moves: 2(Un-1) +1= 2(3) + 1 = 7 4. For 4 discs, it takes 15 moves: 2(Un-1) +1= 2(7) + 1 = 15 5. For 5 discs, it takes 31 moves: 2(Un-1) +1= 2(15) + 1 = 31 To understand how this works, coding is needed to see how a disc moves individually. Coding should show me the patterns involved and then I should be able to justify my formula based on this. Coding is on the next page. Coding Number of Discs: 2 3 4 5 Disc Moving: A A A A B B B B A A A A C C C A A A B B B A A A D D A A B B A A C C A A B B A A E A B A C A B A D A B A C A B A From my coding it is now clearer why that formula is that particular formula. It can be seen that there is symmetry involved in each pattern. The symmetry is always about the name of the bottom disc. I.e. with 3 discs the symmetry is about disc C and this is the bottom disc From the coding, I can also see that the pattern of moves for 2 discs is present in the beginning of 3 discs, 4 discs etc. The pattern for 3 discs is also in the pattern for 4 discs and so on. This is can therefore be explained as: In n number of discs where n is greater than 2, the first three moves will always be ABA. This is because the n-1 discs pattern is included in the n pattern. We have (Un-1), because we take into account the previous terms pattern when making the next tower. We have the 2 term because this pattern is repeated twice, firstly to deconstruct the tower and then to rebuild the tower on top of the bottom disc. We have the +1 term because this is where the bottom disc moves from Pole A to Poles B or C. This can be demonstrated when we move three tiles. ABA This is the move pattern for 2 tiles (Un-1). This allows C to be able to move. C This is when the bottom tile moves and we therefore get the +1 from. ABA This is where the doubling element comes in as well as the n-1 discs moves pattern. This is where the tower is rebuilt on top of disc C. So overall, we get the formula: 2(Un-1) +1 There are limitations to this however. Un-1 has to be an integer because we cannot have 3.5 moves. Un-1 has to also be equal to or greater than 0 and has to be an integer because the formula wouldnt work as the result would be negative and we cannot have a negative number of moves. Formula B Finding the formula that shows how many times a certain disc moves From formula A I now have a basis on which to work. Given a certain number of discs I need to be able to say how many times a desired disc moves. Firstly, I need to analyze my results from the coding. Disc: Disc A Disc B Disc C Disc D Disc E Disc F Total Number of times each disc moves: 3 Discs 4 2 1 7 4 Discs 8 4 2 1 15 5 Discs 16 8 4 2 1 31 6 Discs 32 16 8 4 2 1 63 We can also once again see a pattern here. There is a doubling, well halving element involved depending on which way you look at it. The table above shows how many times a certain disc moves. Whenever a new disc is added to the sequence, such as in Disc 4, the number of moves for Disc A doubles. I.e. As you go down the table the number of moves for each disc doubles. When I look at the results, I notice that they are all from the 2n pattern. Therefore I can come up with the relationship for the number of times each disc moving being: Number of times a certain disc moves = 2n-d with d being the disc number. So in Disc A, the number for d would be 1, as this is the first disc. Disc B would be 2 etc. In the series for 6 discs, the terms would be Disc A: 2n-d = 26-1 = 32 Disc B: 2n-d = 26-2 = 16 Disc C: 2n-d = 26-3 = 8 Disc D: 2n-d = 26-4 = 4 Disc E: 2n-d = 26-5 = 2 Disc F: 2n-d = 26-6 = 1 This therefore works. Now I have to prove that this works. We can see that Disc B always moves half as many times as Disc A. If we do 2n we get how many times Disc A Moves always. If we do 2n-2 we get how many times disc B moves always. This is because as we take more away from 2n we get smaller and smaller until it ultimately converges to 0. Taking 1 away from this halves the number of moves; whereas taking 2 away quarters the number of moves. Disc B always moves less times than Disc A because of the recurring pattern. A has to move more times, because it has to keep going on top of the larger tiles as the rules state. A has more options to move than B because it is smaller. There are limitations to this however, because we cannot have d being greater than n because the formula would not work. It wouldnt work because we cannot have half of a move or a quarter of a move. We cannot also have n being less than 1 because of the same principal. The number of moves and the disc number have to also be an integer because we cannot have Disc A moving 3.5 times. The Link The series above is a geometric series. I know this because the difference is different each time. The general way to write a geometric series is: General: a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + arn-1 The terms: a is the starting number in the sequence. I will use a 6 tiled sequence so my starting number from the table will be 32 as this is the number of times disc A moves. Ratio r This is the amount that a is multiplied to get the next term. So 32 is multiplied by 0.5 to get 16. Our sequence is: S= 32 + 16 + 8 4 +2 +1 To get the sum of a geometric sequence, we need to multiply by the common ratio (0.5) S = a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + + arn-1 rS = a + ar + ar2 + ar3 + +arn-1+ arn S-rS = a arn This can be expressed as S(1-r) = a(1-rn) Divide this by 1-r gives: a(1-rn) S= 1-r Before I can use this information however, I need to determine a formula to get a. I can use the formula I discovered above but just modify it slightly. To get a the formula is: 2n-1 as this is the formula for Disc A always. So the formula above instead of being 2n-d could have also been 2n-1 for the same principals. With n being the disc number you are trying to find. Disc 50 would be 249 and disc 3 would always be 22 and so on. Therefore I can now substitute in my values in a pile of 6 discs to get the formula that links formula A and B. To determine the ratio we have to just see how much the sequence is decreasing each time. 32 + 16+ 8 + 4 + 2 + 1 To get the next term suing the general geometric sequence rule, it says that we have to multiply 32 by a constant. a ar. So: a ar is the same as ar divided by a. 16 = 0.5. This is the ratio. 32 Therefore for the sum of my geometric series, the formula should be: a(1-rn) S= 1-r S = 25(1-0.56) 0.5 S= 31.5 = 63 0.5 Therefore the sum of a 6 termed series is 63. This can be proved by getting the formula for the previous term. S = 24(1-0.55) = 31 0.5 According to my earlier formula (Un = 2(Un-1) +1) when I substitute in I should get the answer 63. 2 x 31 + 1 = 63. This works because of the algebra of the general geometric sequences: S = a + ar +ar2 This is the rule for each term in the sequence: arn-1 or 2n-d I then multiplied by the common ratio (r) rS = ar + ar2 + ar3 This is the rule: arn Then I subtracted the sequence multiplied by the common ratio from the first sequence. This gave: S-rS = a arn = a(1-rn) Therefore S=a(1-rn) (1-r)) Limitations are: S has to be greater than 0 and has to be an integer a has to be positive and an integer r has to be an integer and greater than 0 Extension Work: Finding which pole the pile will be built upon. I have noticed from my work that when I had 3 discs on my pile, disc C landed on where I put disc A to start off with which was on Pole C. When I had 4 discs however, I noticed that the pile finished on where I did not place tile A which was Pole B. This can therefore be expressed as: If the number of discs in the pile to start with is even then the bottom disc will land where you place Disc A to start off with. If the number of discs in the pile is odd however, then the bottom disc in the pile will finish up on the pole where you did not place Disk A. Therefore where you put Disc A can be considered crucial to where you want your pile to land Overview: If I have 25 discs in my pile, I can expect there to be: 33554431 moves involved in the series. Disc A will move 16777216 times; whereas disc y will move only once. The Pile will end up on the pole where you place disc A, so if I leave it on pole B to start with, the pile will end up on Pole B. According to the monks in Hanoi, the world will end in over 500 Million Years. The problems with my investigation: I have realized that there are only 26 letters in the alphabet. With my system of labeling, it is impractical for me to label each disc A, B C etc because I will run out of letters. I will either have to name the poles ABC or call each disc past 26, A1 etc.

Business law case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Business law - Case Study Example Imperial could find itself with a sudden, severe decrease in its cash flow. It might also have to layoff employees and have equipment sit idle. Simply put, litigation, regardless of the outcome could do irreparable damage to both parties. In this case negotiation would be the appropriate form of alternative dispute resolution to pursue. The two parties need to sit down face-to-face. They need to lay out there understanding of the ambiguous clause in the contract, seek common ground, and perhaps by consent share any costs or losses involved in their differing interpretations of the clause. If negotiation proves fruitless they should move to mediation. Then an objective and disinterested third party could assist them in understanding one anothers position and finding a middle ground. (Marsh, 2008) Due to the complexity of the case collaborative law would be the best approach. The case, too complex for a jury, might also be too complex for a mediator or arbitrator, regardless of their qualifications and experience. Therefore, the parties would be wise to sit down together, with their lawyers accompanying them, and work towards an agreement in camera with trained lawyers, able to understand the complexity of the case. If they were to negotiate in good faith, in this private environment with expert legal advice they stand the best chance of resolving the dispute in a fair manner that also takes account of the legal complexities of the situation. Collaborative law would also ensure that the case never ended up in court. Collaborative law is â€Å"cost effective and discrete†, and with trade secrets involved that is precisely what each party needs. (Newitt, â€Å"Shot before dawn†) It is an unusual proposal for a business dispute, but most appropriate in this instance. In this case it is plain that Empire Corporation wishes to avoid a court case There is the danger of disadvantageous precedent being set if the case does go to trial. Also, the company may find

BORDER SECURITY USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK Research Paper

BORDER SECURITY USING WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK - Research Paper Example Borders are critical features of any state since they define territory. Individualterritories on the other hand have specific rules and acceptable ways of conduct which must be protected. As such, it is important that borders should be protected so as to keep away intruders such as illegal immigrants, smugglers, and terrorists. WSNs are being embraced in surveillance because they are cheaper and more effective as compared to traditional surveillance methods such as radar or satellite (Wang &Guo 358). Wireless border control sensor network architecture is made up of three main components: sensor nodes, gateways, and task managers. Sensor nodes are the components at the end of the architecture which capture the data at the border (through sensing). They are also referred to as the sink, source, or actuators. As such, movement for example at unauthorized areas can be sensed from the sensor nodes. Several sensors are situated differently and are usually interconnected. The sensor nodes may do some calculations before transmitting the data at the border though a gateway (Kalita, &Kar 2). Gateways on the other hand are proxies for the wireless border control systems. They allow the system administrators to interface Motes to some relay points such as personal digital assistants and personal computers for monitoring. In short, all the interconnected sensor nodes relay their information to the administrator through the same proxy (gateway) (Maharrey, Lim, &Gao 7). Gateways may be active (allow nodes to actively relay data to the system (gateway server), passive (allows gateway to send requests to sensor nodes), or hybrid (performs tasks of both active and passive gateways) (Villegas, Tang, &Qian 4). The task managers are the receiving ends of the wireless border control sensor network architecture. After the sensor notes acquire information from the

The Evolution Of International Environmental Law (IEL) Essay Example for Free

The Evolution Of International Environmental Law (IEL) Essay Trace the evolution of International Environmental Law (IEL). What does the rise of IEL signify in terms of community interests versus the egoistic interests of nation states? The term ‘International Environmental Law’ can be used as a term to encompass the entire corpus of international law, public and private relevant to environmental issues or problems.[1] The modern rules of international environmental law can be traced back to a ‘spat’ between the United States and Britain. The first ever reported environmental dispute dates back to 1742. [2] In the early 1970s environmental issues started to appear on the agenda of various United Nations and non United Nations agencies and this was, in part, due to the amount of publicity that was being devoted to the problems of environmental degradation. In 1972, due to pressure from NGOs especially in the United States, the United Nations Conference on the Human Environment was convened. Preparations for this conference necessitated a thorough examination of activities that had any impact on the environment.[3] Under United Nations General Assembly Resolutions in 1968 and 1969 which gave rise to the Conference, the assembly agreed that there was an urgent need for intensified action at national and international levels to limit and if possible, eliminate the impairment of the human environment and that this was necessary for sound economic and social development.[4] The 1987 World Commission on Environment and Development (WCED) Report and the resultant 1992 Rio Declaration on Environment and Development expressed the already existing concern for sustainable development. Meanwhile, the dynamics of negotiations within these conferences changed with time. With decolonisation and the attainment of independence of more developing countries, more of these countries were joining the United Nations and other international Organisations. During negotiations, developing countries were insisting on radical changes to international economics relations that would bring about a situation that would be more conducive to the realization of their developmental goals.[5] Financial Institutions such as the World Bank now structured and conditioned loans in such a way that development should always be ecologically sound.[6] By the 1990s, environmentalists were opposing strongly, the trade regime under the General Agreement on Trade and Tariffs (GATT). This was inflamed by two decisions of the Dispute Resolution Mechanism. In the Tuna Dolphin case, GATT ruled against the U.S ban on tuna that was caught using mechanisms that killed dolphins as well. In the Shrimp Turtle case, the GATT ruled against an American law that was put in place to protect turtles that were sometimes killed in the process of catching shrimps.[7] Now, the WTO rules are to be applied in such a way as to ensure the promotion of sustainable development so do the rules of many other international organisations. Under the various international environmental laws, companies are bound to respect environmental laws, they are bound for instance to conduct impact assessments on any project they wish to undertake.[8] States are also bound to respect the environmental integrity not only of their state but also that of all other states. In the world of today, it is doubtful that the GATT Dispute Resolution Mechanism would give similar rulings as those that they gave in the Tuna Dolphin and Shrimp Turtle cases. The rise of International Environmental Law has meant that states can no longer pursue their own personal interests without having consideration for the environmental integrity of other states. [1] Birnie and Boyle (2002) International Law and the Environment (2nd Edition) Pg. 2-3 [2] Sands (2005) Lawless World: America and the Making and Breaking of Global Rules Pg 71 [3] Ibid Pg. 38 [4] United Nations General Assembly Resolutions XXIII of 1968 and XXIV of 1969 [5] Dadzie, in Roberts and Kingsbury (1993) United Nations, Divided World: The Un’s Role In International Relations (2ND Edition) Oxford: Oxford University Press Pg. 300 [6] Birnie and Boyle (2002) International Law and the Environment (2nd Edition) Oxford: Oxford University Press Pg. 60 [7] Giplin (2001) Global Political Economy: Understanding The International Economic Order. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Pg. 226 [8] Article 4 Convention on Environmental Impact Assessment in Transboundary Context

Charles Lindbergh Essay -- essays papers

Charles Lindbergh One of the greatest heroes the world has ever known Charles Augustus Lindbergh. He is most famous for his transatlantic flight from New York to Paris. Lindbergh acquired great fame for doing â€Å"good will† tours in Latin America. Other than politicians and war heroes no one has yet quite matched his fame. He was a genus when it came to aviation and mechanics. He advised the making and design of several planes from ones made of wood and wire to supersonic jets. He helped several countries and airlines by giving them advise on their air fleets. He wrote several documents of his journeys and of his life. Charles Lindbergh entered this world on February 4, 1902 in Detroit, Michigan. He grew up in Rapid Falls, Minnesota on a family farm. His father’s name was Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Sr. He was a lawyer and a congressman for the state of Minnesota between the years of 1907 and 1917. His mother’s name was Evangeling Land Lodge. As a child Lindbergh showed that he had a great deal of mechanical ability. When he was eighteen years old he began attending the University of Wisconsin. While at Wisconsin he majored in mechanical engineering. During his time at the university he paid more attention to the growing field of avaion than he did to his studies. In 1924 Charles Lindbergh enlisted in the United States Army so he could begin studying on how to be a fighter pilot. One year later he graduated from the Army flight training school that was held on both Brook’s field and Kelly’s field. He graduated as the number one pilot in his class. After that he bought his own airplane and for the next six years of his life he spent flying an airplane for Robertson Aircraft Corporation. The planes filled with mail he flew from St. Louis, Missouri to Chicago, Illinois. During this time he was also a barnstormer which is a stunt pilot that does stunts over fairs and other public gatherings. During this time he received a reputation of not only being a cautions pilot but a quite capable pilot as well. A New York City hotel owner named Raymond Orteig started the Orteig Prize. The Orteig Prize was a twenty five thousand dollars for the first man to fly across the Atlantic Ocean solo and without stopping in between. Many pilots were injured or even killed trying to win the Orteig Prize. Raymond Orteig started the competition in 1919 and Charles Lindbergh had b... ...aui, Hawaii. He is buried in a small church graveyard in Kipahulu, Hawaii. After his death a collection of his writings were published in 1978 and the book was entitled â€Å"Autobiography of Values†. Charles Augustus Lindbergh was an explorer and pioneer in the field of aviation. His story showed great triumph of the human spirit. When Charles Lindbergh’s son had been kidnapped it shocked and fascinated the entire world. He was not only one of the finest pilots of his time but he was an excellent public speaker. In the 1920’s and 1930’s English teachers used his writings and even more often his wife’s writings in their English lessons. English and History teachers still use Charles Lindbergh’s and his wife’s works in their lessons. Even though Lindbergh was most famous for his transatlantic flight and winning the Orieg Prize he is also honored for his expertise in aviation and promoting â€Å"good will† throughout the Latin American countries. He is also given partial credit for such creations as the Boeing 747. Lindbergh was also a great combat pilot in World War II when fighting against the Japanese as a civilian. That is how Cha rles Lindbergh became one of the world’s greatest heroes.

“Obasan” by Joy Kogawa Essay

The issue of racial conflict has caused great controversy for many centuries. Conflict which is incited by racism is often thought to be the worst of all conflicts because it is unfounded and based on utterly false beliefs. In society today, there are many racist people who put down and almost ostracize the people of another community. In Joy Kogawa’s novel, Obasan, the issue of racism is discussed through the various letters kept by Obasan which in turn provides a first-hand look at was done to Naomi’s family. In Obasan, there are many instances where the Joy Kogawa uses images of animals, such as insects, kittens and especially chickens to support a general theme of dehumanization. Also these animals always seem to correspond to human beings, whether they are generalized groups or individual characters. In other words, it is very apparent to see the foreshadowing of the story and also the close connection between the animals in the story and the human condition of the story, through the use of these vivid images of the animals. At the very beginning of the novel, when Obasan and Naomi are  rummaging through the attic and getting reminded about all of the memories, they come across a family of spiders. These spiders are described as being â€Å"round black blots, large as a cat’s eye† (24) and in a sense, disgusting enough to send shivers down any persons’ spine. This description of the black and creepy spiders is a foreshadowing of all of the memories that Obasan and Naomi have, as the memories and the plot itself is quite dark and horrific. There are many â€Å"large and black† memories that Naomi has such as the death of her mother and the incident in Old Man Gower’s bathroom. However, it is possible to assume that the blackest memories are the ones that deal with the racism towards the Japanese community. For example, it seems that everyone who has ever had an effect on Naomi, good or bad, has deserted her with time. Also, on the way to school, Naomi and Stephen are taunted and teased by the other school kids. Most importantly, the very way that the Canadian Government mistreated the Japanese community, sending them to concentration camps, putting them on trains and forcing them to live in tiny huts, is a cruel memory. This memory a will probably stay with Naomi for the rest of her life much like the ancient spiders in the attic. The part of the novel with the kitten trapped underneath the outhouse in another, quite disgusting look at the issue of racism. The thing that is so shocking about this part is that the white-haired girl blames Naomi for something that Naomi obviously did not do, throwing a kitten down in the outhouse. What is even more shocking is that the girl, the owner of the kitten does not go down and get her kitten, but instead leaves the kitten there to eventually die. The girl can represent the white Canadian and the kitten can be seen as a Japanese Canadian living in that society. The kitten is stuck in the outhouse, which can represent Canada. While it is down there, â€Å"no one is nearby†¦no one comes to help† (172) even though the cat makes â€Å"a faint steady mewing† (172). Since there is no one around the kitten will eventually be forgotten about. In other words, the Canadian government tries to get rid of the Japanese community by sending them to concentration camps where, despite all of the arguments and letters sent by Aunt Emily to be heard (the mewing), the Japanese community will probably be forgotten about as there is no one around. Another example of this animal imagery is when Naomi is standing alone in the backyard next to the cage of the white hen, she places one by one little yellow chicks in the cage with the hen. Suddenly and â€Å"without warning, the hen jabs down on the [chicks]† (62) consistently. Through the use of this animal imagery, the issue of racism is clearly apparent. For example, the hen can be seen as the white people living in â€Å"the cage† or Canada. Slowly, the Japanese people, in this case the yellow chicks, immigrate into the cage. Without doing anything wrong or anything that would anger the hen, or white people, the hen comes down and starts pecking at the chicks. In this part, it is possible to assume that the sole reason that the hen comes down on the chicks is that the yellow chicks have appearances different than the white hen. Also, there is a great deal of foreshadowing in this little part of the novel as the Canadian people will soon start ostracising the Japanese Canadian community with no warning at all. Not only will they ostracise the community, the Canadians, although they do not kill the Japanese like the hen did to the chicks, but the racism is so strong that they will send the Japanese on concentration camps away from all urban areas and even treat  them like animals forcing them into little tool shed houses covered with cow manure for a roof. Another example of the chicken imagery is in the school yard where a bunch of Japanese schoolboys are killing a white chicken. This imagery of the chicken suffering is one of the better examples of racism in the novel. This killing of the chicken can symbolise the anger that the Japanese community have against the white Canadians after the way that they have been treated. This hatred and anger is in fact so strong that it is not good enough to just kill the chicken, but they â€Å"got to make it suffer† (169). This is kind of ironic as well, because the chicken can be seen as the Japanese community and the schoolboys can be seen as the white Canadians. The Canadians in the novel continuously make the Japanese people â€Å"suffer† instead of killing them instantly as killing them or deporting them would affect the Canadian image. It is for this reason that the Canadians decide to torment the Japanese and try to cover everything up. In conclusion, Obasan, by Joy Kogawa deals with the issue of racism in a very efficient way by using unique images of animals to not only represent human beings in society, but also to help support the theme of this dehumanization. Racism in society is extremely awful as it is based on utterly false beliefs. In the novel, for example, all Japanese were considered to be evil people even though the Japanese living in Canada did hardly anything to the Canadians. Individuals of a certain community are being ostracized by other people for being of a certain race. Obasan, teaches us that we should not consider a certain community to be evil, but embrace the differences in society. In other words, Hitler was a fanatical German, however not all Germans are fanatical.

Analysis of The Story of An hour - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 582 Downloads: 7 Date added: 2019/06/10 Category Literature Essay Tags: The Story Of An Hour Essay Did you like this example? No woman or man hasnt fallen in love before. It every man and woman desire to be together and cant wait for the moment that can happen. Most of them think that because they dont know the consequences after that happen. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Analysis of The Story of An hour" essay for you Create order The idea of love blind their minds and cant see any further and foresee the products of marriage. It is still the same without any development and the consequences usually are predicted. Kate Chopin, in the of an hour the death of the husband and his wife got affected by that to symbolize the control of marriage over women. Mrs. Louise Mallard is a wife with a heart attack who discovers her husband death in a bus disaster. The heart attack she has could represent the suffrage and stress she is experiencing from that marriage. When she heard the news of his death she was sad and started to cry like any woman would do for her dead husband. She wept at once, with sudden, wild abandonment, in her sisters arms. When the storm of grief had spent itself she went away to her room alone.(Chopin B). The story starts to be more valuable when she went to her room and started to look through the window. The setting begins to explain the excitement of her feelings and the effects they have over her. She could see in the open square before her house the tops of trees that were all aquiver with the new spring life. (Chopin A). The use of spring express the rebirth and hope. She starts to have new feelings that were unfamiliar with her while she was looking through the window. Mrs. Louise felt that consequences after many years of marriage between her and her husband. Barbara Ewell adds that love has been, for Louise and others, the primary purpose of life, but through new perspective, she comprehends that ?love, the unsolved mystery counts for very little. . . . (Q and A). Her perspective on love had changed since her marriage. She discovered that love wasnt what she expected it to be. She understood love as her only reason to live and it doesnt count for much. Her husband have the ultimate control over her like being in jail where she will not be freed until he die then she can truly enjoy her independence. She said it over and over under breath: free, free, free! The vacant stare of terror that had followed it went from her eyes. (Chopin B). Mrs. Louise is now more happy and have great enthusiasm as she is examining the joy of freedom. The idea of starting a new life and being an independent woman with no control, limits or duties what led to her enthusiasm. Even though she loved him sometimes, but in a proposal she didnt really wanted to marry him. Finally, when he showed up again and for her freedom to be gone by that speed really shocked her to the limits of dying immediately. The sadness that Mrs. Louise had when she heard of her husband death changed into joy quickly after she recognized that she could be free and independent for the rest of her life. The Story of an Hour reflects Chopinrs view of the repressive role that marriage played in womenrs lives as the protagonist, Louise Mallard, feels immense freedom only when her husband has died. Kate Chopin wants to clarify for the readers that not all women desire to live their lives traditionally.

Diversity in Three Voices - 701 Words

Diversity in Three Voices Scientist When working with individuals from different cultures, individuals informally learn the differences that exist between them and their respective cultures (DeCenzo Silhanek, 2001, p. 29). Often the word â€Å"diversity† is confused with political correctness or human equality but it is the understanding of differences between people and how they interact. Diversity is defined as the quality of being different but composed of distinct elements or qualities (Parvis, 2005, p. 15). Throughout history the United States has been known as the â€Å"melting pot,† but this concept was a perception not a reality because the melting pot ended up benefiting only white, prominent settlers. Looking at diversity is observing differences and there are a lot of them. For example, male versus female, religion versus no religion, homosexual versus heterosexual, foreign or domestic, republican versus democrat, Caucasian versus African American, Mexican versus Latino, Cherokee Indian versus Choctaw Indian, poor versus rich; and differences could encompass several more pages. We can deny that differences exist or we can consent to differences while discovering from others the assets of dissimilarity. People must learn, therefore, to recognize differences in others – their backgrounds, customs, and work schedules – and appreciate, even celebrate, those differences (DeCenzo Silhanek, 2001, p. 29). Artist When it is blatantly obvious that you don’t fit it withShow MoreRelatedManaging A Diverse Workforce1716 Words   |  7 PagesAlthough there is an improvement in the diversity in the workforce, there is still room for change. Businesses have made many changes to help enforce the laws that were passed regarding diversity in the workforce. Women have been integrated into the workforce and there also have been many immigrants from other countries that have been given a new start to the workforce in the United States. Laws of equal opportunity have been made to help increase the workforce diversity. The goal for full equality of womenRead MoreThe Cia ( Central Intelligence Agency1595 Words   |  7 Pagespresident and policy maker Summary of company diversity plan The CIA understands that to run an Intelligence agency nationally it is necessary to have very broad perspectives which come from diversity of thought, ethnicities, backgrounds, and experiences. The CIA seeks to embrace diversity through an inclusive environment, valuing new ideas, insights and innovation. The agency has formulated a 3 year strategy of diversity and inclusion where every voice is valued, respected and heard. UnderstandingRead MoreDavid A. Thomas and Robin J. Elys Three Paradigms of Diversity756 Words   |  4 Pages1. David A. Thomas and Robin J. Elys three paradigms of diversity focuses on: (1) discrimination and fairness, (2) access and legitimacy, and (3) learning and effectiveness paradigm as shown. Most people assume that workplace diversity is about increasing racial, national, gender, or class representation - in other words, recruiting and retaining more people from traditionally underrepresented identity group. [1] This is true for both discrimination and fairness and access and legitimacyRead MoreWas America Founded as a Christian Nation?927 Words   |  4 Pagesthe state means that the judicial structure of America, as a newborn nation, could not have been founded solely on Christian principles. America, even in its first years to exist as a nation, presented a large amount of religious diversity. Due to the amount of diversity throughout the population during the late 1700s to early 1800s, I believe America had established itself as a religiously diverse nation at the time it was founded. The Europeans brought over ties to the Catholic church, ProtestantsRead MoreEssay about Mgmt 591 Woodson Coalition Week 3 Case Study 1948 Words   |  4 Pageswhat needs to be done to solve the problems of truancy, low student performance and crime, as well as how to create an after school program effectively with the support of three different organizations. Part 2: Problem Identification The primary problem that is causing much strife in this case is disagreement between the three organizations level of involvement, power over decision making, and outcomes of the after-school program. The school district wants the after-school program to be in lineRead MoreAncient Greek Vs. Medieval Theater1154 Words   |  5 Pagescommunicating more voices can be heard. This saturates the post-modern era with different ideals, almost to the point of seeming fractured. That is not the case though; the increasing number of different beliefs is a post-modern belief in itself. The large sum of differentiating beliefs perpetuates one unanimous post-modern belief. This is the belief and value of diversity. The post-modern culture, because of all of the differing ideals, values people expressing and trying to learn from the diversity. ThoughRead MoreChapter 7 Of The Textbook Diversity Consciousness847 Words   |  4 PagesChapter 7 Teamwork: Obstacles to Teamwork In chapter 7 of the textbook Diversity Consciousness, Butcher reports there are some barriers to teamwork. Some of these obstacles can stem from the individual member or members way of acting or thinking outside of the team or group setting. The obstacles that teams may occur could potentially detract the team from having cohesion, and hinders its productivity. Butcher give s eight examples these obstacles. Examples: Unequal distribution of power- not havingRead MoreTechnology And The World Wide Web Essay1344 Words   |  6 Pagesenvironment. Instead today’s education is only preparing them for a Taylorized industrial age labor market.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Davidson poses a new paradigm for the way we perceive modern education. She introduces three principles that are used in open source media that applicable to higher education. The three principles that online platforms support are, 1) an openness of contribution, 2) elimination of boundaries, and 3) voluntarism in the distribution of knowledge. An openness of contribution of knowledgeRead MoreInformative Speech Topages And Disadvantages Of Cultural Diversity In The Workplace925 Words   |  4 PagesComs 1030 Title of speech: Cultural Diversity in the Workplace Specific Purpose: My audience will be able to understand the advantages and disadvantages of cultural diversity in the workplace. Thesis: Introduction: I. 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BYOD Meets Big Data - 1210 Words

Cairney, T. D., Mooney, J. L., Parham, A. G. (2015). When BYOD meets big data. Journal of Corporate Accounting Finance, 21-27. On large scale technology is used to support the teaching and learning process. The basic purpose of this system is to facilitate the students teachers, to support the students teachers and enhance the abilities of the students teachers. In teaching, learning process technology helps for extending the research and reach of the students teachers. On university or organization level the data collected was not relevant and most of the data was discarded by the organization. On the university level and in an organization the numbers of students are increasing and usage of the mobile devices and other†¦show more content†¦Dawson, P. (2016). Five ways to hack and cheat with bring your own device. British Journal of Educational Technology, 47(4), 592-600. In this article, the writer has talked about the new type of assessment called BYOD e-exam that is bring-your-own-device electronic examination that the educational institutes are using now a day. In this assessment instead of using exam papers students are allowed to bring their own laptops and sit an in-person exam but under the invigilated conditions. However special soft wares are used to restrict the access of the students to the prohibited files and functions of the computer and access is provided to the allowed resources only. This BYOD e-exam works on the decade-old security principle of the computer that is the security of the software depends upon the hardware security. Although the maximum level of security is ensured however the complete protection of integrity is not ensured yet. Herro, D., Kiger, D. (2015). Bring your own device: Parental Guidance (PG). Association for Educational Communications and Technology, 59 (5), 51-61. 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Organizing and Economizing Connecting Accounting

Question: Discuss about the Organizing and Economizing for Connecting Accounting. Answer: Introduction In 1970 there was a hair-bringing change up in the best way to deal with oversee bookkeeping research. Two or three reasons have been recommended for this alter in methodological course by those inquiring about the change of bookkeeping thought. To different, a basic refinement is an alteration in course far from endeavors to bolster a hypothesis of bookkeeping to making theory from a depiction of surviving practices. (Chambers, 2014) To promoters of the last stated, past endeavors to build up a hypothesis of bookkeeping were futile as there would never be understanding over gigantic bits of the duties to a theory, for example, the guesses, rules yet most particularly the questions. Notwithstanding the way that a to an incredible degree wrong delineation the two frameworks are stamped controlling and positive. (Ball, 2013) Positive bookkeeping can be related with the true blue perspective of the firm. And the firm is seen as course of action of understandings and bookkeeping one instrument to enable the progression and execution of activity. Accordingly, bookkeeping rehearses advance to direct contracting costs by working up activity occurs before the events among moving get-togethers. For instance, positive bookkeeping surmises that conservatism in bookkeeping in this sense depicted restrictively as requiring lower (higher) models of certain nature to see misfortunes (gains) has beginning in contract markets, including administrative remuneration contracts and contracts for bank duty. For instance, missing conservatism, definitive pay activities may repay manager in context of current reports that later assertion shows were anomalous.(Grabe, 2014) The truly limiting perspective of positive bookkeeping places it in weight with respect importance investigates in bookkeeping: the last battle that bookkeeping's fundamental part is to respect the firm, and along these lines rehearses like conservatism are dangerous. The respect noteworthiness school underscores the advantage of bookkeeping data to regard cash related specialists rather than its support in contracting works out Positive bookkeeping hypothesis (PAT) is an announcement of neo-ordinary cash related hypothesis. Squeezing to it, is a trust in sensible choice hypothesis. That is, relevant self-interest for the most part prescribed according to starting behavior - is the start of all budgetary progression. Along these lines, for the choice of accounting methods of insight and systems and approach PTA self- interest is initial reasons. In PAT the firm is depicted additionally as a social affair of different activities a nexus of understandings. Contracts are fundamental reviewing a complete focus to make them filter for individuals to agree to take an interest. Notwithstanding, there will contract costs related with the different activities, for instance, costs of managing along with seeing the course of action of the gatherings included and PAT holds those affiliations which will need to restrain the costs of contracting and this will influence the courses of action understood, including the acc ounting structures. (Crawford, 2013) There is a capability among individual having positive and positive yet positive speculations are unmistakably a sort of positivist evaluating. Accordingly, PAT holds to the greater part of the essentials of positivism. In like way, the motivation behind assessing is examination, depiction, clarification and control (seek). There are three theories around which PAT's goals are managed, viz, the reward plan theory, the dedication promise speculation and the political cost theory. (Minnis, 2017) The reward compose theory recommends that chiefs of firms will probably pick bookkeeping strategies that move revealed getting from future periods to the present time distribution. To welcome the need for this hypothesis, observe that one of the theories essential positive bookkeeping examination is office theory. (Unegbu, 2014) PAT doesn't enhance familiarize frameworks or lead us with redesigned techniques. The present recorded cost reason behind estimation of points of interest is perilous by virtue of a nonappearance of 'additivity', yet PAT disregards these issues. In a general sense, it legitimizes the issues of the most ideal accounting rules (GAAP) while never trying to settle them and this in itself is not commendable PAT can't be judged as being beneficial on the present of its premises. They all have deficiencies in no shy of what one regard and when amassed to packaging PAT they pass on a theory that looks to some degree like anything that can be related with honest to goodness conditions. The essential regard in which PAT has been beneficial has been in the extent of spread and research and the elucidations behind this lie more with hypothesis than credibility. The premises of PAT are by all record by all record by all account not the only things that have been explored by engaging inspectors. Separates in judiciousness and research emotions have besides added to the open considering as to its prospering. Theoretical Framework Positive Accounting Theory has been the basic research point of view of the 1980's and 1990's however ensuing to analyzing PAT this persuades the chance to be something of an inquisitive ponder. This leads us to survey particular illuminations behind PATs ubiquity. The positive/observational viewpoint found the opportunity to be especially standard around a tantamount time that new age preservationist governments were picked in the USA and the UK. An association can subsequently be made between the ascending of governments controlled by speculations based around deregulation and 'little government' and a bookkeeping hypothesis that fights a tantamount point. It is in like way conceivable that schools in the USA that favored viewpoint from corporate financing were driving bookkeeping research as a mechanical get together to move the deregulation question that structures the establishment of Positive Accounting Theory. This construes the irrefutable accomplishment of PAT in the 'inquire about advance' has little to do with the focal points or significance of PAT, and altogether more to do with its ideological question that shield the drive of the general population who in a ma tter of seconds hold capital. The general population who remain to get the prizes of a deregulated government have as needs be "got" the bookkeeping research headway to adulate and legitimize their position. The wise viewpoint holds the opinions that manager, who are specialists to the central, show to their personal interests. And they just get bookkeeping approaches that permit them to get, in the view that the firm in like way gets. Unmistakable sorts of theory exist, for example, political cost, repay plan and duty speculation that show what perspectives make the heads pick one bookkeeping system over another. Organization pay theory The organization pay hypothesis communicates that boss who have bookkeeping propelling strengths, or payment of them is attach with the organization's bookkeeping execution which will move to control the system of accounting and figures to exhibit the bookkeeping execution and it must be satisfactory than anything. For instance, chiefs using differing debasement procedure allowing lower benefits toward the start and higher advantages towards the end. More prepared executives will tend to slight any inventive work costs since it will cut down force year benefits impacting their compensation. The political cost theory expect that affiliations will tend to show their favorable circumstances bring around utilizing varying bookkeeping methodologies and systems so that the firm does not pull in the possibility of government experts, who will have an eye on high preferred standpoint associations. Permitting lower benefits arranges away any idea by people overall and the eyes of the association who will put higher control on high getting firms. The dedication/regard speculation conveys that officials will tend to show better preferences (like the reward compose/association remuneration hypothesis) with the purpose of having a superior execution and liquidity position than pay the intrigue and important of the dedication they have assembled in the business. The higher the dedication/regard level the more probable it is that the supervisor will tend to utilize bookkeeping techniques and systems in amplifying bookkeeping advantage. Centrality and Limitation It is not respect free since it just explains and predicts what individuals may do, expelling absolutely on what they ought to do. (Rihfenti Ernayani SE, 2015) It doesn't give any cure, it doesn't state what should happen, rather lights up and predicts what may happen, which is the reason for positive bookkeeping hypothesis and this is deficient.(Bull, 2014) It recognize that each boss' (genius) and proprietor's (principal) practices have a self-intrigue perspective, with the fundamental focus of developing their own riches without considering any foreboding impacts. (Li, 2015) Right when Positive Accounting Theory was at first made in the 1970's it relied on upon three hypotheses, the commitment hypothesis, the reward form hypothesis and the political cost hypothesis. Since this period however there have been no augmentations to these three, nor has there been any advance or development of them. In any case, much research has been played out all through the 1980-90's PAT has remained tough in its development and this has possibly prompted to the present reduction in essentialness for PAT. It has battle that PAT doesn't have any potential for future advance and that it will continue uncertainly in its present edge with no new thoughts. This nonattendance of advance and PATs late decreasing in research are firm conflicts that PAT will be respected a blunder in the light of learning of the past. (Broadbent, 2013) The essential defect that can be found with a start of PAT is that of money related matters and its dependence on the hypothetical flawless market. An impeccable market depends on upon immaculate data and no exchange costs. This perspective discovers issues since "bookkeeping exists in context of exchange expenses". It is in like way hard to envision concordance for data when bookkeeping data adds to this modify. Watts and Zimmerman also say that bearing and political expenses barge in with the operation of perfect markets. In saying this they are adequately yielding that immaculate markets don't exist as they require the takeoff obviously to help with the workable task of advantages.(Freeman III, 2014) Conclusions PAT is in a general sense a hazardous situation of various hypotheses that has been used as vehicle to push the free market conviction structure that has summoned the political and research program. Starting late PAT has been running out vitality to the degree period and this is perhaps demonstrating that PAT was a general shape that has had its time and has now been racked for more sensible and unfaltering exploration openings. (Abbadi, 2016) Where there are weights to report bring down benefits, selection of the revaluation display gives extent of higher devaluation accuses of increments in the estimation of non-current resources not influencing the pay proclamation. With lower detailed benefit and a higher resource/value base, any judgment made by looking into proportion, for example, rate of profit for resources or value will bring about the element being found in a less ideal light. (Oulasvirta, 2014) Thusly, Positive Accounting Theory tries to make awesome desires of genuine events and make a translation of them to accounting trades and predict (Truelove, 2014) Activities, for example, which bookkeeping approaches firms will pick How firms will respond to recently proposed bookkeeping models Under PAT, firms need to augment their prospects for survival, so they sort out themselves effectively. Firms are seen as the aggregation of the agreements they have gone into. (Christensen, 2016) In association with PAT, in light of the way that there is an ought to be viable, the firm should confine costs related with contracts. Instances of assertion, costs are exchange, renegotiation, and watching costs. Contract costs incorporate accounting components as contracts can be stipulated the extent that accounting information, for instance, net pay, and budgetary extents. The firm will pick the accounting methodologies that best perceive the prerequisite for minimization of understanding costs. PAT sees that changing conditions oblige boss to have flexibility in picking accounting plans. This presents the issue of "sharp direct". This happens when the exercises of organization are to better their own one of a kind points of interest.(Miller, 2013) References List Abbadi, S. S., Hijazi, Q. F., Al-Rahahleh, A. S. (2016). Corporate governance quality and earnings management: Evidence from Jordan.Australasian Accounting Business Finance Journal,10(2), 54. Ball, R., Kothari, S. P., Nikolaev, V. V. (2013). Econometrics of the Basu asymmetric timeliness coefficient and accounting conservatism.Journal of Accounting Research,51(5), 1071-1097. Broadbent, J., Laughlin, R. (2013).Accounting control and controlling accounting: Interdisciplinary and critical perspectives. Emerald Group Publishing. Bull, R. J. (2014).Accounting in business. Butterworth-Heinemann. Chambers, R. L. (Ed.). (2014).An accounting thesaurus: 500 years of accounting. Elsevier. Christensen, H. B., Nikolaev, V. V., Wittenberg?Moerman, R. (2016). Accounting information in financial contracting: The incomplete contract theory perspective.Journal of Accounting Research,54(2), 397-435. Crawford, E. R., Lepine, J. A. (2013). A configural theory of team processes: Accounting for the structure of taskwork and teamwork.Academy of Management Review,38(1), 32-48. Freeman III, A. M., Herriges, J. A., Kling, C. L. (2014).The measurement of environmental and resource values: theory and methods. Routledge. Grabe, W., Kaplan, R. B. (2014).Theory and practice of writing: An applied linguistic perspective. Routledge. Li, X. (2015). Accounting conservatism and the cost of capital: An international analysis.Journal of Business Finance Accounting,42(5-6), 555-582. Miller, P., Power, M. (2013). Accounting, organizing, and economizing: Connecting accounting research and organization theory.Academy of Management Annals,7(1), 557-605. Minnis, M., Sutherland, A. (2017). Financial statements as monitoring mechanisms: Evidence from small commercial loans.Journal of Accounting Research,55(1), 197-233. Oulasvirta, L. O. (2014). Governmental financial accounting and European harmonisation: Case study of Finland.Accounting, Economics and Law,4(3), 237-263. Rihfenti Ernayani SE, M., Intan Oviantari, S. E., Ak, M. (2015, January). Effect of Litigation, Taxes and Political Cost, and Debt Covenant of Accounting Conservatism. InInternational Conference on Accounting and Finance (AT). Proceedings(p. 135). Global Science and Technology Forum. Truelove, H. B., Carrico, A. R., Weber, E. U., Raimi, K. T., Vandenbergh, M. P. (2014). Positive and negative spillover of pro-environmental behavior: An integrative review and theoretical framework.Global Environmental Change,29, 127-138. Unegbu, A. O. (2014). Theories of Accounting: Evolution Developments, Income-Determination and Diversities in Use.arXiv preprint arXiv:1411.4633.